|
+
|
Academic Discipline
Definition: The broad categories of academic endeavor or disciplines. For example, chemistry, biochemistry, neurology, etc.
- Agriculture
Definition: The science or practice of farming, including growing crops and raising animals for the production of food, fiber, fuel and other products. [Chesapeake Bay Glossary]
+ Computer Science
- Bioinformatics
Definition 1:
The analysis of biological information using computers and statistical techniques; the science of developing and utilizing computer databases and algorithms to accelerate and enhance biological research. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Counci at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf. Quotation from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Center for Toxicogenomics, Glossary.]
Definition 2:
The field of biology specializing in developing hardware and software to store and analyze the huge amounts of data being generated by life scientists.[NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences Glossary]
Definition 3:
Study of molecular biology with the use of information technologies such as databases, algorithms, visualization, and text mining. [Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO) Glossary]
- Computational Toxicology
Definition:
The application of mathematical and computer models and molecular biological approaches to improve the Agency’s prioritization of data requirements and risk assessments. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf. Quotation from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. A Framework for a Computational Toxicology Research Program in ORD]
+ Ecology
Definition 1: The study of living organisms and their relationship with one another and the environment. [Nearshore Ecosystems Glossary]
Definition 2: The branch of biology, also known as bionomics, ecology involves the study of organisms in relation to their environment. [USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Glossary]
Definition 3: The study of interrelationships between living things and their environment.[Chesapeake Bay Program Glossary]
- Ecotoxicology
Definition:
The term was first coined in 1969 by René Truhaut. The science of poisons and toxic substances occurring in the environment and their effects. Can be further expanded as the science of predicting effects of potentially toxic agents on natural ecosystems and nontarget species. [USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Glossary]
- Forest Science
- Landscape Ecology
+ Economics
Definition: The science of utilization, distribution, and consumption of services and materials. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Ecological Economics
Definition:
The field of research and analysis that aims to address the interdependence and co-evolution of human economies and natural ecosystems over time and space. [Core Ecosystem Services Research Program Standard Lexicon]
- Econometrics
Definition:
The testing and quantifying of economic theories and the solution of economic problems by their conversion to mathematical forms, application of mathematical processes and the use of statistical techniques. [USDA National Agricultural Library Glossary]
- Environmental Economics
Definition 1:
A subfield of economics that undertakes theoretical or empirical studies of the economic effects of national or local environmental policy. Particular issues addressed include the benefits and costs of alternative environmental policies to deal with air pollution, water quality, toxic substances, solid waste and global warming. [Core Ecosystem Services Research Program Standard Lexicon]
Definition 2:
A branch of economics that studies the economic impact of environmental policies and uses economic analysis to inform environmental decision-making, as in the cost-benefit evaluation of environmental protection. [USDA National Agricultural Library Glossary]
+ Engineering
Definition: The application of physical, mechanical, and mathematical principles for practical purposes, such as the design, manufacture and operation of machinery. [USDA National Agricultural Library Thesaurus]
- Ecosystem Engineering
Definition:
The physical modification, maintenance, or creation of habitats by ecosystem engineers.[USDA National Agricultural Library Glossary]
- Environmental Engineering
Definition:
The branch of engineering relating to the environment, especially water and waste management. [USDA National Agricultural Library Thesaurus]
- Tissue Engineering
- Agricultural Engineering
Definition:
Discipline which includes the design of machinery, equipment and structures used for agricultural operations and the storage and processing of agricultural commodities. [USDA National Agricultural Library Thesaurus]
- Chemical Engineering
+ Life Science
Definition: All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from biology, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Biochemistry
Definition:
The study of the composition, chemical structures, and chemical reactions of living things. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
omics
Definition:
Term including genomics, proteomics, metabonomics (some differentiate this term from metabolomics), transcriptomics, and associated bioinformatics. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council. Quotation from U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary]
- Exposomics
- Genomics
Definition 1:
The study of all the genes of a cell or tissue, at the DNA (genotype), mRNA (transcriptome), or protein (proteome) level. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf. Quotation from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Science Policy Council. 2002a. Interim Policy on Genomics. http://www.epa.gov/OSP/spc/genomics.pdf.]
Definition 2:
A "scaled-up" version of genetic research in which scientists can look at large numbers or all of the genes in an organism at the same time. [NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences Glossary]
Definition 3:
The comprehensive analysis of all the genes of an organism; molecular characterization of all the genes and gene products of a species, including the study of gene sequences, gene mapping, and gene function; genomics usually involves high speed sequencing of the DNA and computer searches for sequences that code for genes. Genomics allow researchers to identify specific genes responsible for specific proteins with specific functions in an organism. [NOAA Coral Reef Glossary]
- Lipidomics
- Metabolomics
Definition:
The evaluation of tissues and biological fluids for changes in metabolite levels that result from toxicant-induced exposure. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council. Quotation from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Center for Toxicogenomics, Glossary.]
- Proteomics
Definition:
Study of the full set of proteins encoded by a genome. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council. Quotation from U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary]
- Biogeography
Definition:
The study of the geographic distributions of organisms, both past and present (Brown and Gibson 1983:557). [USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Glossary of Avian Terms For Use in Avian Conservation Biology]
+
Biology
Definition:
One of the biological Science Disciplines concerned with the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of animals, plants, and microorganisms. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Anatomy
Definition:
A branch of biology dealing with the structure of organisms. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Developmental Anatomy
Definition:
The branch of anatomy concerned with the structural changes that take place between fertilization and maturity. [National Cancer Institute Thesaurus]
- Bioinformatics
Definition 1:
The analysis of biological information using computers and statistical techniques; the science of developing and utilizing computer databases and algorithms to accelerate and enhance biological research. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Counci at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf. Quotation from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Center for Toxicogenomics, Glossary.]
Definition 2:
The field of biology specializing in developing hardware and software to store and analyze the huge amounts of data being generated by life scientists.[NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences Glossary]
Definition 3:
Study of molecular biology with the use of information technologies such as databases, algorithms, visualization, and text mining. [Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO) Glossary]
- Botany
Definition:
The study of the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of plants. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Genetics
Definition 1:
The study of inheritance patterns of specific traits. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf. Quotation from U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary]
Definition 2:
The scientific study of genes and heredity—of how particular qualities or traits are transmitted from parents to offspring.[NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences Glossary]
- Epigenetics
Definition:
The study of heritable changes in gene function that occur without a change in the DNA sequence.[NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences Glossary]
- Phylogeography
Definition:
Reconstruction of biogeographic relationships, usually among populations within a species, by identifying the phylogenetic relationship between a genetic trait or set of traits in relation to geography. [Genetic Diversity as an Indicator of Ecosystem Condition and Sustainability Glossary at http://www.epa.gov/eerd/Glossary-%20Genetic%20Diversity.pdf]
- Hematology
- Histopathology
- Phenology
Definition 1:
A branch of science dealing with the relations between climate and periodic biological phenomena (as bird migration or plant flowering) [NASA Science Glossary]
Definition 2:
The timing of natural events, such as flower blooms and animal migration, which is influenced by changes in climate. Phenology is the study of such important seasonal events. Phenological events are influenced by a combination of climate factors, including light, temperature, rainfall, and humidity.[Glossary of Climate Change Terms]
- Physiology
Definition:
The biological science concerned with the life-supporting properties, functions, and processes of living organisms or their parts. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Synthetic Biology
Definition:
Field of science that involves redesigning organisms for useful purposes by engineering them to have new abilities. Synthetic biology researchers and companies around the world are harnessing the power of nature to solve problems in medicine, manufacturing and agriculture. [https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/policy-issues/Synthetic-Biology]
- Systems Biology
Definition:
A holistic approach to the study of biology with the objective of simultaneously monitoring all biological processes operating as an integrated system. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council. Quotation from Sumner, L.W., Mendes, P., Dixon, R.A. 2003. Plant metabolomics: large-scale phytochemistry in the functional genomics era. Phytochemistry 62:817-836.]
+
Zoology
Definition:
The study of animals - their morphology, growth, distribution, classification, and behavior. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Veterinary Medicine
Definition:
The diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries of companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife and production animals. [USDA National Agricultural Library Glossary]
- Environmental Health
Definition:
The aspects of human health and disease that are determined by factors in the environment. [European Environmental Agency Glossary]
- Exposure Science
+
Health Science
+
Medical Science
- Regenerative Medicine
Definition:
A field of medicine concerned with developing and using strategies aimed at repair or replacement of damaged, diseased, or metabolically deficient organs, tissues, and cells via TISSUE ENGINEERING; CELL TRANSPLANTATION; and ARTIFICIAL ORGANS and BIOARTIFICIAL ORGANS and tissues. [MeSH]
- Neuroscience
Definition:
The scientific disciplines concerned with the embryology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, etc., of the nervous system. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Pathology
Definition:
The study of disease. [Drinking Water Technical & Legal Terms]
+
Toxicology
Definition 1:
The study of harmful interactions between chemical, physical, or biological agents and biological systems. [Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Glossary][EPA 2003][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 2:
Study of poisons, their effects, antidotes and detection. [CRCWQT 2002][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 3:
The study of harmful interactions between chemicals and biological systems. [EPA 2004][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
- Evolutionary Toxicology
Definition:
Focuses on the drivers, mechanisms, and outcomes of pollution-driven genetic differentiation among populations
- High Throughput Toxicology
Definition:
Research area focused on addressing the limitations of current chemical testing methods and fulfilling EPA’s need to evaluate large numbers of chemicals for human and ecological effects. [EPA, https://www.epa.gov/chemical-research/high-throughput-toxicology#:~:text=The%20High%2DThroughput%20Toxicology%20(HTT,for%20human%20and%20ecological%20effects.]
- Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology
Definition:
The branch of pharmacology that deals with the nature and effects of poisonous substances on reproduction and development.[National Cancer Institute Thesaurus]
- Systems Toxicology
Definition:
The study of perturbation of organisms by chemicals and stressors, monitoring changes in molecular expression and conventional toxicological parameters, and iteratively integrating biological response data to describe the functioning organism. [Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council. Quotation from Waters, M., Boorman, G., Bushel, P., Cunningham, M., Irwin R., Merrick, A., Olden, K., Paules, R., Selkirk, J., Stasiewicz, S., Weis, B., Van Houten, B., Walker, N., Tennant, R. 2003. Systems toxicology and the Chemicals Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) knowledge base. Environmental Health Perspectives Toxicogenomics 111(6):811-824.]
- Toxicogenomics
Definition:
The study of how genomes respond to environmental stressors or toxicants. Combines genome-wide mRNA expression profiling with protein expression patterns using bioinformatics to understand the role of gene-environment interactions in disease and dysfunction. [[Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf. Quotation from U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary. http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/glossary]
+ Materials Science
Definition: An interdisciplinary study of the microstructure and composition of various materials such as metals, semiconductors, ceramics, and polymers, in relation to their macromolecular physical and chemical properties. Materials science enables the custom creation of new materials with specific properties and uses. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Nanoscience
Definition:
The extension of existing sciences into the realms of the extremely small, as in nanomaterials, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanophysics, nanoengineering, etc. [NOAA Coral Reef Glossary]
- Nanobiology
Definition:
Field of study combining biology and physics which looks at how nature works on the nanometer scale, particularly how transport takes place in biological systems. [EPA Nanotechnology White Paper 2007]
- Nanochemistry
Definition:
Discipline focusing on the unique properties associated with the assembly of atoms or molecules on a nanometer scale. At this scale, new methods of carrying out chemical reactions are possible. Alternatively, it is the development of new tools, technologies and methodologies for doing chemistry in the nanolitre to femtolitre domains. [EPA Nanotechnology White Paper 2007]
- Nanoelectronics
Definition:
Electronics on a nanometer scale, whether by current techniques or nanotechnology; includes both molecular electronics and nanoscale devices resembling today's semiconductor devices. [EPA Nanotechnology White Paper 2007]
+ Mathematics
- Game Theory
Definition 1:
The study of decision problems in competitive situations. Game theory is concerned with the derivation of rules for making decisions when two or more persons or organizations are competing for some objective. (U.S. Forest Serv., 1972B) [USDA Forest Service Wildland Planning Glossary]
Definition 2:
Branch of applied mathematics that models interactions among agents where an agent’s choice and subsequent success depend on the choices of other agents that are simultaneously acting to maximize their own results or minimize their losses. [DHS Risk Steering Committee Risk Lexicon 2010 Edition]
+
Statistics
Definition 1:
A branch of mathematics dealing with the collection, analysis, interpretation and presentation of masses of numerical data. [USDA National Agricultural Library Glossary]
Definition 2:
A branch of mathematics that deals with collecting, reviewing, summarizing, and interpreting data or information. Statistics are used to determine whether differences between study groups are meaningful. [ATSDR 2004][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 3:
The science and art of collecting, summarizing, and analyzing data that are subject to random variation. The term is also applied to the data themselves and to the summarization of the data. [CancerWeb 2005][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
- Biostatistics
Definition:
The application of statistics to biological systems and organisms involving the retrieval or collection, analysis, reduction, and interpretation of qualitative and quantitative data. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Epidemiology
Definition 1:
The study of the distribution of disease, or other health-related states and events in human populations, as related to age, sex, occupation, ethnicity and economic status in order to identify and alleviate health problems and promote better health. [Terms of Environment] [EPA 2005b][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 2:
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations; and the application of this study to the control of health problems. [CDC Radiation Dictionary]
Definition 3:
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations. [EPA 2003][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 4:
The study of disease patterns in human populations. [EPA 2004][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 5:
The study of the distribution and determinants of disease or health status in a population; the study of the occurrence and causes of health effects in humans. [ATSDR 2004][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 6:
A branch of medicine which studies the patterns of diseases in populations, and their causes. The objective of epidemiology is to understand how and why diseases occur so that ways can be developed to prevent or reduce disease. [CRCWQT 2002][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 7:
The study of the occurrence and causes of diseases or other health-related conditions, states, or events in specified populations. One of the chief functions of this study is to identify populations at high risk for a given disease, so that the cause may be known and preventive measures implemented. [FDA 2001][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 8:
The study of the distribution and dynamics of diseases and injuries in human populations. Specifically, the investigation of the possible causes of a disease and its transmission. [RAIS 2004][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
Definition 9:
Study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.[CDC Epidemiology Glossary]
- Analytic Epidemiology
Definition:
The aspect of epidemiology concerned with the search for health-related causes and effects. Uses comparison groups, which provide baseline data, to quantify the association between exposures and outcomes, and test hypotheses about causal relationships. [CDC 2005][Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment]
- Applied Epidemiology
Definition:
Application or practice of epidemiology to address public health issues.[CDC Epidemiology Glossary]
- Descriptive Epidemiology
Definition:
Aspect of epidemiology concerned with organizing and summarizing health-related data according to time, place, and person.[CDC Epidemiology Glossary]
- Ecoepidemiology
Definition:
Study of the nature and causes of past or ongoing effects in ecological systems. [CADDIS]
+ Philosophy
Definition: The academic discipline concerned with making explicit the nature and significance of ordinary and scientific beliefs and investigating the intelligibility of concepts by means of rational argument concerning their presuppositions, implications, and interrelationships; in particular, the rational investigation of the nature and structure of reality (metaphysics), the resources and limits of knowledge (epistemology), the principles and import of moral judgment (ethics), and the relationship between language and reality (semantics). (Source: CED) [GEneral Multilingual Environmental Thesaurus]
- Epistemology
Definition:
Branch of philosophy that is concerned with the acquisition of knowledge. [CADDIS]
- Metaphysics
Definition:
Branch of philosophy that is concerned with the fundamental nature of things. [CADDIS]
+ Physical Science
Definition: The sciences dealing with processes observable in nature. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Chemistry
Definition:
A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Atmospheric Chemistry
- Computational Chemistry
Scope Note: EDG
- Nanochemistry
Definition:
Discipline focusing on the unique properties associated with the assembly of atoms or molecules on a nanometer scale. At this scale, new methods of carrying out chemical reactions are possible. Alternatively, it is the development of new tools, technologies and methodologies for doing chemistry in the nanolitre to femtolitre domains. [EPA Nanotechnology White Paper 2007]
+
Earth Science
Definition:
Fields of science encompassing studies and research from the disciplines of physics; chemistry; biological sciences and mathematics; that are related to the planet Earth. Subfields include atmospheric chemistry; climatology; environmental sciences; geography; geology; geophysics; meteorology; oceanography; paleontology; mineralogy; and seismology. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Agronomy
Definition:
The science of crop production and soil management. [USDA National Agricultural Library Glossary]
- Bathymetry
Definition 1:
The science of measuring depths of the oceans, lakes, seas, etc. [NOAA National Weather Service Glossary]
Definition 2:
Varying physical characteristics--including depth, contour and shape--of the bottom of the Bay and other bodies of water. [Chesapeake Bay Program Glossary]
- Cartography
- Climatology
Definition 1:
Description and scientific study of climate.[NOAA Climate Program Office Glossary]
Definition 2:
Quantitative description of climate showing the characteristic values of climate variables over a region.[NOAA Climate Program Office Glossary]
+
Geography
Definition:
The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed) [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Orography
Definition:
Branch of physical geography that deals with mountains. [DOE Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Small Wind Guidebook Glossary at https://windexchange.energy.gov/small-wind-guidebook]
- Geology
Definition:
Geology is the study of the planet earth- the materials it is made of, the processes that act on those materials, the products formed, and the history of the planet and its life forms since its origin. [USGS Earthquake Glossary]
- Hydrography
- Hydrology
Definition 1:
The study of the properties, distribution, and circulation of water. [Terms of Environment]
Definition 2:
The science that deals with global water (both liquid and solid), its properties, circulation, and distribution, on and under the Earth's surface and in the atmosphere through evapotranspiration or is discharged into oceans. [NASA Science Glossary]
Definition 3:
Science dealing with the properties, distribution and circulation of water and snow. [Aquatic Biodiversity Glossary]
Definition 4:
The way water moves and is distributed via precipitation, runoff, storage and evaporation.[Chesapeake Bay Program Glossary]
Definition 5:
Scientific study of precipitation. evaporation. distribution. and effects of water on the Earth's surface. in the soil and rocks. and in the atmosphere.. [NOAA Climate Program Office Glossary]
- Limnology
Definition 1:
The study of the physical, chemical, hydrological and biological aspects of fresh bodies of water. [Terms of Environment]
Definition 2:
Study of the physical, chemical, meteorological and biological aspects of fresh waters. [Aquatic Biodiversity Glossary]
- Meteorology
Definition:
Scientific study of the physics. chemistry. and dynamics of the Earth’s atmosphere. especially weather and climate. [NOAA Climate Program Office Glossary]
- Oceanography
Definition:
The science that deals with the ocean and its phenomena. (Webster, 3d ed) [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
+
Physics
Definition:
A science that deals with matter and energy and their interactions. [Merriam-Webster]
- Applied Physics
- Biophysics
Definition:
The study of physical phenomena and physical processes as applied to living things. [NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]
- Environmental Geophysics
- Health Physics
Definition:
Scientific field that focuses on radiation protection of humans and the environment. [Radiation Protection Radiation Glossary]
- Social Science
Definition: Any branch of academic study or science that deals with human behavior in its social and cultural aspects. Usually included within the social sciences are cultural (or social) anthropology, sociology, psychology, political science, and economics.
+ Socioeconomics
Definition: The branch of economics which examines the relationship between economic factors and society. [USDA National Agricultural Library Glossary]
- Science and Policy
Definition:
Scientific research, both problem driven and core research, informing and supporting policy and regulatory decisions. [based on EPA Office of Science Policy]
|